
Dr. Jen Gunter, MD, an experienced obstetrician and gynecologist specializing in vulvar and vaginal diseases, known for her advocacy for women's health and clear, evidence-based medical communication.
An authoritative, myth-busting guide to vulvar and vaginal health by Dr. Jen Gunter.
The clitoris is much larger than just the visible glans; it extends internally around the vaginal opening.
2 more facts available in the app
Section 1
8 Sections
As we embark on this journey into understanding the female genital anatomy, it is vital to start with a clear, loving, and science-based view of the vulva.
Surrounding this pleasure center are the labia majora and minora, which serve as protective barriers. The labia majora are fleshy, hair-bearing folds that shield the more delicate structures inside. The labia minora, thinner and packed with nerve endings, swell with sexual excitement, enhancing sensation. Their size and shape vary widely among individuals, and this diversity is perfectly normal.
The skin of the vulva is unique. It maintains a slightly acidic pH between 5.3 and 5.6, a natural acid mantle that protects against infections. This acidity is maintained by secretions from specialized glands and the skin cells themselves, which also produce oils and sweat to keep the tissue supple and healthy. The vestibule, the transition zone between the vulva and vagina, contains glands that provide lubrication during sexual arousal, facilitating comfortable penetration and enhancing pleasure.
Interestingly, the anus, though part of the gastrointestinal system, is intimately related to vulvar health. Its muscular sphincters and rich nerve supply contribute to continence and can also be a source of sexual pleasure when stimulated safely and consensually.
Understanding this anatomy dispels myths that have long plagued women's health, such as the idea that certain vulvar shapes or sizes are abnormal or that the clitoris is a minor or vestigial organ. Instead, the vulva emerges as a powerful, resilient, and exquisitely sensitive organ deserving of respect and care.
As we close this chapter of discovery, keep in mind that knowing your body is the first step toward empowerment and self-care. This foundation will prepare us to explore the internal world of the vagina and the remarkable ecosystem it supports.
Let us now turn inward to the vagina itself, a remarkable organ whose biology and function are equally fascinating and essential to women's health.
8 more insights available in app
Unlock all 8 sections, 9 insights, full audio, and interactive mind map in the SnapBooks app.
Discover the truth behind myths and empower yourself with science-backed knowledge about your body.
Read articleExplore the fascinating ecosystem inside you that protects and empowers your vaginal health.
Read article
Michael F. Roizen, M.D. and Michael Crupain, M.D., M.P.H.

Sara Gottfried, MD

Dr. Lisa Mosconi

Molly Carmel