
Michael J. Sandel
A powerful critique of meritocracy, exploring its divisive effects and calling for a politics rooted in solidarity and the common good.
Michael Sandel’s undergraduate course 'Justice' was the first Harvard course to be made freely available online, reaching tens of millions worldwide.
Section 1
9 Sections
Let us begin our journey with a gentle breath, as the first light of morning filters through the city. Imagine two streets, one bustling with the confident stride of those who have 'made it,' and another quieter, where people pause and glance upward, wondering if the world sees them at all. Here lies the heart of our story: the rise of merit as the measure of all things.
Once, the promise of meritocracy shimmered with hope. It told us anyone could rise, that success was open to all who worked hard and played by the rules. But with time, this promise became a subtle tyrant.
Consider the stories that fill our headlines: a nation divided, angry voices rising in protest, elections swinging from hope to rage. These are not just political events; they are symptoms of a deeper wound. When those who succeed believe they alone deserve their place, and those left behind are told to blame themselves, the bonds that hold us together begin to fray. The language of 'winners and losers' seeps into our everyday lives, making us strangers to one another.
But why does this happen? The answer lies in the way meritocracy shifts the meaning of failure. In the past, if you stumbled, you might have blamed fate or circumstance. Now, the world whispers, 'You had your chance.'
Across continents, we see the same pattern. Populist movements rise not just in protest of economic hardship, but against the arrogance of those who claim they have 'earned' everything. The anger is real, but so is the pain beneath it—a longing for respect, for a place in the story of progress.
As we walk together down these two streets, let us remember: the promise of merit was meant to lift us all. But when it becomes a tyrant, it divides.
Now, let us turn the corner to explore how the idea of merit grew from ancient roots, and how it became the force we know today.
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